CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
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Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
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Spain

The largest vineyard area in the world and a collectible tier that trades far below its French and Italian peers.

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A Spanish vineyard
Benjamín Núñez González · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

Spain has the largest vineyard area of any country (about 930,000 ha, OIV) but a modest collectible tier: Vega Sicilia in Ribera del Duero and a handful of Rioja's classic bodegas. Prices per bottle for the top wines remain a fraction of Bordeaux first growths, which is the economic story of the region.

The essentials

Economics in brief

Spanish vineyard land is inexpensive by French standards outside a few named sites; yields in Rioja are regulated by the Consejo Regulador; grape prices are reported by the regional governments. The collectible market is small and concentrated in a few houses with long aging regimes.

Key facts

Vineyard area
≈ 930,000 ha — the world's largestOIV

Regions

Vineyards in RiojaRegionRiojaSpain's classic region: 65,000 hectares, a century of gran reserva tradition, and collectible wines that…Vineyards in Ribera del DueroRegionRibera del DueroTempranillo on a high, cold plateau two hours north of Madrid: home of Vega Sicilia and Pingus, Spain’s most…

US imports from Spain

$10$20$30$40$50201520172019202120232025US$ millions per month, customs valueYearMonthly, 2015–2026 · HS 2204, wine of fresh grapes · Source: U.S. Census Bureau
US$ millions per month, customs value, HS 2204 (wine of fresh grapes)Source: U.S. Census Bureauas of 1 August 2026
A Spanish vineyard
Viñedo volcánico, Geografía de Fuentecaliente, La Palma, España, 2015 Benjamín Núñez González · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

Sources

  1. State of the World Vine and Wine Sector, OIV, 2025. Retrieved 3 September 2026.
Last reviewed: September 2026Report an error on this page

Related

RegionRiojaRegionRibera del Duero