CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
The numbers
Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
Corkonomics
LearnGrapesRegionsWinesNews
Wine basicsThe five types of wineHow to taste wineHow to read a wine labelWine with foodWine words
Learn the economicsThe economics of wine productionThe economics of wine collectingCourses
Regions
Wines
PricesWhat a bottle costs to makeWhat vineyard land costsWhat grapes fetchWhat the border addsWhy wine costs what it doesRelease pricesAuction resultsTariffsMarket overviewWine in official statisticsVineyard economicsResearch
MoreAsk the DataAI agentsSavedAPIAbout usMethodologyContact
Dark mode
Language
Currency
Settings
Dark mode
Language
Currency

New to wine? Start with the short lessons, then look up any word you do not know.

Learn · Wine words · Your saved pages

Terms of use

Effective 2026

By accessing or using Corkonomics (“the site”) you agree to these terms. If you do not agree, do not use the site.

1. Educational and informational only

The site is an educational and informational publication about the economics of wine. Nothing on it constitutes investment, financial, legal, tax or purchasing advice, an offer or solicitation, or a recommendation that any wine, security, transaction or strategy is suitable for any person. Corkonomics is not a registered investment adviser, broker-dealer or financial planner. Under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Section 202(a)(11)(D), the publisher of a bona fide publication of general and regular circulation is excluded from the definition of investment adviser; Corkonomics is such a publication and provides impersonal, general information only.

2. No guarantee

Figures may be incomplete, delayed, estimated, modeled or revised. Modeled production costs, scores, returns and index levels are Corkonomics’ own calculations from stated inputs and are not any producer’s actual cost, a quotation, a valuation or a forecast. Past appreciation does not predict future returns. Wine markets can be illiquid; prices can be subjective; provenance, authenticity, condition and storage matter; transaction, storage and insurance costs materially reduce net returns; market values may differ from actual transaction prices. Verify against primary sources before acting.

3. Limitation of liability

All viewers agree that under no circumstances will Corkonomics, its operators, partners, officers, employees, affiliates or agents be held liable for any loss or damage caused by reliance on information obtained here. The site is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind.

4. Permitted use and prohibited extraction

You may read the site and use its pages for personal, non-commercial research and may quote brief excerpts with attribution and a link. You may not, without written permission: (a) perform bulk or automated extraction of any data, including by scraping, crawling beyond the reasonable behaviour of a search engine, or systematic use of the API beyond its published limits; (b) reproduce, compile or redistribute the Corkonomics database or any substantial part of it; (c) republish Corkonomics’ proprietary datasets, scores, indices, cost models or calculations; (d) systematically enumerate entity pages; (e) use the site’s content to train or fine-tune a commercial model without licence; (f) circumvent rate limits or access controls. Corkonomics’ compilations are protected as database and copyright works; violation may result in blocking and legal action. Legitimate search-engine indexing in accordance with robots.txt is permitted.

5. API

The public API is provided for light, attributed, non-commercial use within its rate limits and may be changed or withdrawn at any time. Commercial or bulk access requires a licence — contact us.

6. Third-party content

News headlines link to their publishers and remain their property. Photographs remain their creators’ property under the licences shown beside them. Trademarks and producer names are used nominatively to identify the subjects of research.

7. Corrections and disputes

Producers and readers may report errors; corrections are logged. Corkonomics corrects wrong figures; it does not remove accurate ones on request.

8. General

These terms are governed by the laws of the jurisdiction of the operating entity, which will be named here at launch. If any provision is unenforceable the remainder stands. Corkonomics may update these terms by posting a new version here.