CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
The numbers
Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
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How to read a Corkonomics page

The basis labels, the numbers, and what each section of a wine or vintage page is telling you.

Books, a notebook and a glass of red wine on a desk

Published 3 September 2026 · Reviewed September 2026 · Corkonomics editorial ·

Every figure on this site carries a label saying where it came from. Reported means a named source published it. Observed means a dated price from a named seller. Estimated and Modeled mean Corkonomics worked it out and shows how. Editorial means an editor's assessment. Once you can read the labels, every page reads the same way.

The labels

Reported: a producer, a government agency or a named publication said so, and the source is cited. Observed: a price seen on a dated day from a named seller — an asking price, a hammer price or a transaction. Estimated: inferred from evidence with a stated method. Modeled: the output of a Corkonomics model with published inputs, like the production-cost estimate. Corkonomics calculation: arithmetic on numbers already on the page — a return, a CAGR, a multiple. Editorial: an assessment by editors, like a vintage's character. Corkonomics holds no secondary-market prices, so no page states what a bottle is worth today; when a licensed price feed is added, those figures will carry the Observed label.

A notebook, a glass of red wine, corks and grapes on a linen cloth

A wine page

The top tells you who makes it, where and how much of it exists. The vintage table is the core: one row per year with how the year was rated, the release price where a named publication reported it, and the scarcity estimate. Below that, the release-price chart where two or more prices exist, the cost model, comparable wines and the sources.

A vintage page

One year of one wine. The conditions section records how the year was rated, what the growing season was like and what is known about production and the release price; the cost section shows Corkonomics' modeled cost of making a bottle, line by line; the comparison tables set the year beside the wine's other vintages and beside comparable wines from the same year.

What '—' means

A dash always comes with a reason: not published, not recorded, needs more observations. Corkonomics does not fill gaps with guesses. If a producer has never published its production, the page says so rather than inventing a number.

Reading level
No prior knowledge assumed
What this is
Education, not advice
Part of
The Corkonomics Learn series
Last reviewed: September 2026Report an error on this page

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