CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
The numbers
Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
Corkonomics
LearnGrapesRegionsWinesNews
Wine basicsThe five types of wineHow to taste wineHow to read a wine labelWine with foodWine words
Learn the economicsThe economics of wine productionThe economics of wine collectingCourses
Regions
Wines
PricesWhat a bottle costs to makeWhat vineyard land costsWhat grapes fetchWhat the border addsWhy wine costs what it doesRelease pricesAuction resultsTariffsMarket overviewWine in official statisticsVineyard economicsResearch
MoreAsk the DataAI agentsSavedAPIAbout usMethodologyContact
Dark mode
Language
Currency
Settings
Dark mode
Language
Currency

New to wine? Start with the short lessons, then look up any word you do not know.

Learn · Wine words · Your saved pages

How wine auctions work

Hammer prices, buyer's premiums, seller's commissions, reserves and provenance — what the numbers in an auction result actually mean.

An auctioneer’s gavel and a row of dusty old bottles on a green cloth in a sale room

Published 3 September 2026 · Reviewed September 2026 · Corkonomics editorial ·

An auction result has two prices: the hammer, which the bidder agreed to, and the total, which adds the buyer's premium of 15–25%. The seller receives the hammer less a commission. Corkonomics records the hammer and the premium separately and normalises to a 750 ml bottle, so an auction observation can be compared with a merchant's asking price.

The mechanics

Lots — a case, six bottles, a magnum — are catalogued with provenance notes and condition (fill level, label, capsule). A reserve is the minimum the seller will accept. Bidding proceeds to a hammer price; the buyer pays hammer plus premium (and taxes); the seller receives hammer minus commission, which is negotiable and can be zero for large consignments.

An open wooden wine case beside an auction gavel

Why auction prices differ from retail

Auction is where old and rare wine trades, and where provenance is priced hardest: a case ex-château sells at a premium, a mixed lot of unknown history at a discount. Hammer prices are often below retail for young wine (the buyer bears the premium) and above for old wine that no merchant has in stock.

In the ledger

Auction lots are recorded with house, date, lot size, hammer, premium, currency and location, normalised to USD per 750 ml on the hammer. Corkonomics records only results from sources whose terms permit reuse; the table on each vintage page is built for licensed feeds and says so when empty.

Reading level
No prior knowledge assumed
What this is
Education, not advice
Part of
The Corkonomics Learn series
Last reviewed: September 2026Report an error on this page

← Back to Learn