CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
The numbers
Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
Corkonomics
LearnGrapesRegionsWinesNews
Wine basicsThe five types of wineHow to taste wineHow to read a wine labelWine with foodWine words
Learn the economicsThe economics of wine productionThe economics of wine collectingCourses
Regions
Wines
PricesWhat a bottle costs to makeWhat vineyard land costsWhat grapes fetchWhat the border addsWhy wine costs what it doesRelease pricesAuction resultsTariffsMarket overviewWine in official statisticsVineyard economicsResearch
MoreAsk the DataAI agentsSavedAPIAbout usMethodologyContact
Dark mode
Language
Currency
Settings
Dark mode
Language
Currency

New to wine? Start with the short lessons, then look up any word you do not know.

Learn · Wine words · Your saved pages

To Kalon

Napa's most famous vineyard: planted by H.W. Crabb in 1868, now divided among Robert Mondavi (Constellation), Andy Beckstoffer, Opus One and others.

To Kalon, Oakville
Sanjay Acharya · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0

Save

Area250 ha618 ac
Planted220 ha
Yield35.0 hl/hahectolitres per hectare
Land value, regional range$741,000–1,236,000 /haBroker reporting, prime Napa $300–500k/acre 2025
Elevation60 m

To Kalon is not one owner's vineyard but a historic site of several hundred acres on the Oakville benchland. Beckstoffer's To Kalon fruit is sold by the bottle-price formula (a multiple of the wine's retail price) rather than by the ton — the most public example of grape pricing tied to wine value. Opus One's estate includes To Kalon parcels.

The essentials

The site and its economics

To Kalon is not one owner's vineyard but a historic site of several hundred acres on the Oakville benchland. Beckstoffer's To Kalon fruit is sold by the bottle-price formula (a multiple of the wine's retail price) rather than by the ton — the most public example of grape pricing tied to wine value. Opus One's estate includes To Kalon parcels.

Site facts

Grape varieties
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Sauvignon Blanc
Soil
Alluvial gravel and loam benchland
Climate
Warm Mediterranean, afternoon breeze
Farming cost
$30,000–62,000 per hectare per year
Coordinates
38.4400, -122.4100
Planted
1868 by H.W. Crabb
Owners
Constellation (Mondavi), Beckstoffer Vineyards, Opus One, MacDonald and others
Grape pricing
Beckstoffer sells To Kalon fruit at a multiple of the finished wine's bottle price (widely reported at 100× the bottle price per ton)

At the going rate for vineyard land in this region, a site this size would be worth roughly $185,250,000–$309,000,000. Famous vineyards like this one almost never change hands, and when they do the price is far higher.

The regionNapa ValleyCalifornia's home of rich, ripe Cabernet Sauvignon.About the region

Sources

  1. To Kalon Vineyard, Beckstoffer Vineyards, 2025. Retrieved 3 September 2026.
Last reviewed: September 2026Report an error on this page