CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
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Lahan kebun anggur · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 satu hektare▼ turun 17% on 20232024Harga pembukaan · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 sebotol▲ naik 17% dari tahun sebelumnyaTerjual di lelang · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 sebotolSotheby's, Sep 2026Biaya membuat satu botol · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283Bea masuk AS untuk anggur dari · Canada+50%sejak Aug 2026Botol sehari-hari di toko AS$13.77 satu liter▼ turun 1.3% dalam setahunSep 2026Lahan kebun anggur · Margaux≈$1,567,020 satu hektare▼ turun 7% on 20232024Harga pembukaan · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 sebotol▲ naik 22% dari tahun sebelumnyaTerjual di lelang · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 sebotolSotheby's, Sep 2026Biaya membuat satu botol · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89Bea masuk AS untuk anggur dari · Australia+12.5%sejak Jul 2026Lahan kebun anggur · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 satu hektare▲ naik 8% on 20232024Harga pembukaan · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 sebotol▲ naik 19% dari tahun sebelumnyaTerjual di lelang · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 sebotolSotheby's, Sep 2026Biaya membuat satu botol · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61Bea masuk AS untuk anggur dari · New Zealand+12.5%sejak Jul 2026Lahan kebun anggur · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 satu hektare2019Harga pembukaan · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 sebotol▼ turun 19% dari tahun sebelumnyaLahan kebun anggur · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 satu hektare2023
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Napa Valley vs Bordeaux — vineyard economics

Vineyard economics of Napa Valley and Bordeaux side by side: land, grapes, yields, labour, barrels and modeled cost per bottle.

Peringkat pertama
Peringkat kedua
Napa ValleyBordeaux
Vineyard land, Margaux
Lahan
— 900,000–2,000,000 EUR/ha
2024 · SAFER 2024
Vineyard land, Pauillac
Lahan
— 1,700,000–4,000,000 EUR/ha
2024 · SAFER 2024
Vineyard land, Pomerol
Lahan
— 1,500,000–3,000,000 EUR/ha
2023 · SAFER
Vineyard land, Saint-Émilion
Lahan
— 150,000–2,500,000 EUR/ha
2024 · SAFER 2024
Vineyard land, generic Bordeaux AOC
Lahan
— 4,000–14,000 EUR/ha
2024 · SAFER 2024
Vineyard land, prime Napa Valley (Oakville, Rutherford, St Helena benchland)
Lahan
300,000–500,000 USD/acre
2025 · Trade press and broker reports
—
Vineyard land, prime Napa Valley, per hectare
Lahan
741,000–1,236,000 USD/ha
2025 · Corkonomics estimate from the inputs o…
—
Vineyard land, secondary Napa Valley sites
Lahan
120,000–340,000 USD/acre
2025 · Trade press and broker reports
—
All varieties, District 4 (Napa) weighted average
Anggur
6,939 USD/ton
2024 · California Grape Crush Report 2024
—
Bulk red Bordeaux AOC, per tonneau of 900 litres
Anggur
— 793–1,000 EUR/tonneau
2025 · CIVB bulk-wine prices for the 2025–26 …
Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, Napa County average
Anggur
8,700–9,146 USD/ton
2024 · Napa County Agricultural Crop Report 2…
—
Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, Napa County, 2025 crush
Anggur
8,864–9,002 USD/ton
2025 · California Grape Crush Report 2025
—
Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, per kilogram
Anggur
10–10 USD/kg
2024 · Corkonomics estimate from the inputs o…
—
Gross grape value per bearing acre
Hasil panen
22,400 USD/acre
2024 · Napa County Agricultural Crop Report 2…
—
Yield at classified growths
Hasil panen
— 30–45 hl/ha
2024 · Estate technical sheets and appellatio…
Yield, Napa Cabernet
Hasil panen
2–4 tons/acre
2024 · Napa County Agricultural Crop Report 2…
—
Yield, Napa Cabernet, in hl/ha
Hasil panen
30–52 hl/ha
2024 · Corkonomics estimate from the inputs o…
—
Farming cost, premium/cult estate
Tenaga kerja
12,000–25,000 USD/acre/year
2024 · Estate interviews reported in the trad…
—
Hand harvest
Tenaga kerja
1,500–3,000 USD/acre
2024 · UC Davis / UC Cooperative Extension
2,500–5,000 EUR/ha
2024 · Trade reporting on Médoc harvest labou…
Operating cost, established Cabernet vineyard (hand-harvested)
Tenaga kerja
5,500–8,500 USD/acre/year
2020 · UC Davis / UC Cooperative Extension
—
Vineyard labour and operations, classified growth
Tenaga kerja
— 15,000–30,000 EUR/ha/year
2024 · Estate interviews and CIVB cost survey…
New French oak barrel (225 l)
Barel
1,000–1,500 USD/barrel
2025 · Cooperage price lists and trade report…
—
New French oak barrique (225 l)
Barel
— 800–1,300 EUR/barrel
2025 · Cooperage price lists and trade report…
Barrel aging before bottling
Penuaan di cellar
— 16–22 months
2024 · Estate technical sheets
Barrel aging, cult Cabernet
Penuaan di cellar
18–24 months
2024 · Estate technical notes
—
Bottle, cork, capsule, label, case
Botol, penutup, label, peti
4–10 USD/bottle
2025 · Supplier price lists
3–8 EUR/bottle
2025 · Supplier price lists
Mobile or in-house bottling
Pembotolan
0–1 USD/bottle
2025 · Mobile bottling line quotes
—
Vineyard establishment (years 1–3, excluding land)
Konstruksi winery
45,000–60,000 USD/acre
2020 · UC Davis / UC Cooperative Extension
—
Winery construction
Konstruksi winery
5,000,000–30,000,000 USD
2024 · Trade reporting on Napa winery project…
—
Distributor + retailer margin (three-tier)
Marjin distribusi
60–100 % on winery price
2024 · Distributor ≈ 25–30%
—
Importer + retailer margin
Marjin distribusi
— 25–60 % on cost
2024 · Merchant price lists vs release prices
Négociant margin on the Place de Bordeaux
Marjin distribusi
— 10–20 % of ex-château price
2024 · Trade reporting on the Place de Bordea…
Estimasi biaya produksi per botolNapa cult Cabernet: $26–$80
Napa premium Cabernet (purchased fruit): $14–$43
Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th): $17–$61
Bordeaux first growth: $28–$95
Pomerol micro-estate (Merlot): $29–$101