CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
The numbers
Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
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What land costs in Rioja

Spain's classic red, mellowed by years in oak.

About Rioja · All regions

Vineyards in Rioja

The dearest land here is Rioja DOCa: ≈$44,772–≈$134,316 a hectare (2024).

Zone by zone

  1. Rioja DOCa
    ≈$44,772–≈$134,316a hectare · 2024

    Spain's classic region has plenty of land, so prices stay modest even for good vineyards.

What the land adds to a bottle

What a bottle costs to make →

If the vineyard were sold and the money put in the bank, this is what it would earn each year, spread over the bottles the land produces. It is the biggest line in the cost of a famous wine.

The bar is the land’s share of the whole cost of making the bottle, at the high end of each estimate.

The regionRiojaSpain's classic red, mellowed by years in oak.About the region

Sources

  1. Ministerio de Agricultura, Encuesta de precios de la tierra, 2024.

Other regions

BordeauxBurgundyChampagneRhôneNapa ValleyTuscanyPiedmontMoselOregonCalifornia sparklingValais and LavauxEnglandEtnaMendozaMarlboroughStellenboschBarossa ValleyTasmaniaBeaujolaisJuraAlsaceLoireProvenceRibera del DueroSonoma