CorkonomicsThe economics of wine production, collection, and vineyards
The numbers
Vineyard land · Pauillac≈$2,798,250 a hectare▼ down 17% on 20232024Opening price · Château Lafite Rothschild 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 17% on the year beforeSold at auction · Romanée-Conti Grand Cru, DRC 2019$22,917 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Burgundy grand cru (Pinot Noir)$48–283US duty on wine from · Canada+50%since Aug 2026Everyday bottle in a US shop$13.77 a litre▼ down 1.3% in a yearSep 2026Vineyard land · Margaux≈$1,567,020 a hectare▼ down 7% on 20232024Opening price · Château Cheval Blanc 2025≈$376 a bottle▲ up 22% on the year beforeSold at auction · La Tâche Grand Cru, DRC 2018$5,417 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Champagne prestige cuvée$26–89US duty on wine from · Australia+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte-Rôtie≈$1,511,055 a hectare▲ up 8% on 20232024Opening price · Château Mouton Rothschild 2025≈$336 a bottle▲ up 19% on the year beforeSold at auction · Richebourg Grand Cru, DRC 2012$3,542 a bottleSotheby's, Sep 2026Cost to make one bottle · Bordeaux classified growth (2nd–5th)$17–61US duty on wine from · New Zealand+12.5%since Jul 2026Vineyard land · Côte de Nuits grand cru≈$7,275,450 a hectare2019Opening price · Château Palmer 2025≈$268 a bottle▼ down 19% on the year beforeVineyard land · Pomerol≈$2,238,600 a hectare2023
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What land costs in Tuscany

Sangiovese country: Chianti, Brunello and the Super Tuscans.

About Tuscany · All regions

Vineyards in Tuscany

The dearest land here is Bolgheri DOC: ≈$279,825–≈$671,580 a hectare (2024). The cheapest is Chianti Classico, at ≈$89,544–≈$223,860 a hectare.

Zone by zone

  1. ≈$279,825–≈$671,580a hectare · 2024

    A young coastal appellation made famous by the super Tuscans; land has risen quickly as estates expand.

  2. ≈$335,790–≈$671,580a hectare · 2024

    The limestone and clay slopes of a hilltop town, and a wine that commands high prices.

  3. Chianti Classico
    ≈$89,544–≈$223,860a hectare · 2024

    Hill country between Florence and Siena, and a lot of it, so prices stay well below Montalcino.

Bars are drawn against the dearest zone here, on a rough rate of one dollar to 0.9 euros and 2.47 acres to the hectare.

What the land adds to a bottle

What a bottle costs to make →

If the vineyard were sold and the money put in the bank, this is what it would earn each year, spread over the bottles the land produces. It is the biggest line in the cost of a famous wine.

The bar is the land’s share of the whole cost of making the bottle, at the high end of each estimate.

The regionTuscanySangiovese country: Chianti, Brunello and the Super Tuscans.About the region

Sources

  1. CREA / trade reporting on Bolgheri land transactions, 2024.
  2. CREA / Consorzio and trade reporting, 2024.
  3. CREA / trade reporting, 2024.

Other regions

BordeauxBurgundyChampagneRhôneNapa ValleyPiedmontMoselOregonRiojaCalifornia sparklingValais and LavauxEnglandEtnaMendozaMarlboroughStellenboschBarossa ValleyTasmaniaBeaujolaisJuraAlsaceLoireProvenceRibera del DueroSonoma